In the cybersecurity landscape, we all need hashes! A hash is the result of applying a special mathematical function (a “hash functionâ€) that transforms an input (such as a file or a piece of text) into a fixed-size string or number. This output, often called a “hash value,†“digest,†or “checksum,†uniquely represents the original data. In the context of this diary, hashes are commonly used for data integrity checks. There are plenty of them (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-2, SHA-256, …), SHA256 being the most popular for a while because older like MD5 are considered as broken because researchers have demonstrated practical collision attacks.
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